Nova S28E17: English vocabulary

a substance in red blood cells that carries oxygen

to make something smaller, shorter, or more compact

the process of extracting metal from ore by heating it

the front edge of a step or stair

to feel very hungry

the way heat or electricity moves through a material without the material itself moving

one of three periods into which a pregnancy is divided

the act or process of becoming less clear or transparent

to make a plant or soil grow better by adding a suitable substance

to stir cream or milk until it becomes butter

an organ in a pregnant woman or female mammal that gives the baby oxygen and food before birth

relating to the early stages of development

to make someone feel annoyed, upset, or disappointed

to flow out quickly in a large amount

the lower, narrow part of the uterus that opens into the vagina

longer in one direction than in the other, like a stretched rectangle or oval

more able or skilled than someone or something else

a protein in the body that helps give skin, bones, and other tissues strength and structure

either of the two organs in the scrotum that produce sperm and male hormones

one of the two organs in a woman's body that produce eggs

to breathe air out of your lungs

a thick, slippery liquid in the nose, throat, and other body parts that helps protect and moisten them

the part at the back of the eye that senses light and sends visual signals to the brain

the process when a sperm cell joins an egg cell

the activity of riding on an inflatable tube for fun, especially on water

while facing something difficult or dangerous bravely

a small tool used for engraving or carving hard material

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

a strong wool fabric with a smooth surface

to breathe air, smoke, or gas into your lungs

a tough, flexible tissue in the body, found in places like the nose, ears, and joints

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

feeling or showing extreme happiness and excitement

feeling as if you might vomit

relating to the navel or the umbilical cord

food or other things that help a person or animal grow and stay healthy

a small spoon used for tea, coffee, or measuring small amounts

thin and weak because it has too much water

firm and determined; not willing to change your mind

a group of people who travel with or support an important person

to make a deep sound because of pain, sadness, or tiredness

having a sour taste or the chemical properties of an acid

the external sex organs

the large group of bones at the bottom of the spine, between the hips

a long, flexible arm on an animal such as an octopus or squid

to push or drive something forward or in a particular direction

to make the soft sound that a pigeon or dove makes

a small shapeless mass or lump

to move very slowly and carefully in a particular direction

serious danger, especially danger of death or injury

helpful and willing to make things easier for other people

a dated slang word for a person with a large head

the act of removing a covering, layer, or clothes

locked with a key

to make something longer or last longer

to eat something very quickly and eagerly

a gland in men that helps produce semen

used to ask what something really means or is, especially in British English

toward or on the outside

the act of pulling something tight

the act of following someone closely in order to watch them or spy on them

a narrow passage or corridor that lets people move from one place to another

a strong band of tissue that connects a muscle to a bone

pleasantly soft, smooth, and not harsh

a state of wild, uncontrolled excitement or activity

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

to fall forward and land face first

a flat cake with a pattern of squares, often eaten for breakfast

a simple sugar that the body uses for energy

to suddenly put someone or something into a difficult situation or state

directly, without turning or avoiding anything

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

to move text automatically onto the next line when it reaches the end of a line

to look for something carefully

the stage in life when a child's body begins to change into an adult body

the organ in a woman's body where a baby grows before birth