Nova S22E15: English vocabulary

in a steady, regular rhythm

the outward signs or objects that go with a particular role, status, or way of life

in a steep way

to destroy something badly or cause it to fail completely

the act or process of becoming less clear or transparent

in a way that is even and the same throughout

causing a feeling of wonder or great admiration

showing that something is present or true, often in a way that is not obvious

to stir cream or milk until it becomes butter

impossible to explain

in a passive way, without taking action or resisting

to gradually become less strong, less bright, or less important

the movement of heat in a liquid or gas as warmer parts rise and cooler parts sink

a change in the shape of something caused by force, heat, or pressure

more able or skilled than someone or something else

a soft substance used to fill cracks or holes before painting or finishing wood or walls

shaped like an ellipse

to impress someone very strongly, especially with beauty, skill, or style

full of longing or sadness for someone or something

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

to give someone or something a quality, skill, or power

covering something completely, especially with a layer of snow, smoke, or other material

clean, fresh, and in perfect condition, as if new

to make someone suddenly feel shocked or alarmed

a spacecraft that lands on the surface of a planet or moon

a building or room used for storing things

relating to the movement and structure of the Earth's crust

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

a sudden, disruptive change or disturbance

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

an informal word for a man

to attract or tempt someone by making something seem appealing

to move in a circular or spiraling motion

thin and weak because it has too much water

very upset, worried, or shocked

the practice of selling unpaid bills to get money before they are paid

not giving a clear answer or result

a long, soft feather, or a bunch of feathers used for decoration

extremely impressive or surprising

a large, destructive fire

spreading or increasing in an uncontrolled way, especially when something is bad

the fact that something can be understood in more than one way

an animal such as a frog, toad, salamander, or newt that can live both in water and on land

a sailor, especially one who travels on the sea

having a shape that is not normal or natural

not active or growing for a period of time

difficult to find, catch, understand, or remember

to change from a liquid into a gas

the act of removing a covering, layer, or clothes

locked with a key

relating to planets

in a position of political power or control

to cook something gently just below boiling point

relating to the force of gravity

moving or walking with quick, light steps

not heard or not listened to

the act of putting a plant into a pot or container

to change the shape of something so it looks twisted or unclear

to talk in a casual, lively way

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

melted rock beneath the Earth's surface

a computer-based model that imitates a real process or situation

to make sexual advances toward someone

to sit, lean, or fall heavily, often with a bent back

to look at something with attention or wonder

to suddenly put someone or something into a difficult situation or state

the process of forming scars as a wound heals

to rebel against authority or start a revolt

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

in a very strong, forceful, or focused way

a person whose job is to study rocks, the earth, and how they change over time

to do your best and put a lot of energy into something

to heat something in a vacuum so that gases or liquids are removed

to make something thicker or to become thicker

turning around a central point or axis

strong, active, and full of energy