Nova S40E1: English vocabulary

the process of extracting metal from ore by heating it

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a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures

to make something hard, firm, or solid

a tool with two handles that is squeezed to blow air into a fire

to attract and hold someone's attention or interest strongly

to dig in the ground to find something buried, especially old objects or remains

a person who is skilled at fighting with a sword

the waste left after metal has been melted

the act of cutting food into small cubes

more able or skilled than someone or something else

able to recover quickly from problems or difficult changes

in a way that shows curiosity or interest

clear and bright, like crystal

to make a fire stop burning

in a graceful, stylish, or attractive way

the process of heating and cooling metal to make it harder and less brittle

the style or design of letters used in writing or decoration

showing disrespect or contempt

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

to push or touch someone or something gently

the quality of being subtle, especially when something is not obvious at first

to settle in a place and take control of it, especially by sending people there to live

the ability to think of clever, original solutions

the quality of being light in weight

a person who is believed to be able to predict the future

relating to the earliest stage of life, history, or development

a belief in direct spiritual experience or insight

a wide open area of land, sea, or sky

to compete directly against someone, especially in a performance or contest

not physical; existing as an idea, feeling, or quality rather than a thing you can touch

a small tool used for engraving or carving hard material

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

great skill and creativity in art, music, writing, or performance

a slender candle

making a long, sharp s sound

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

the quality of being hard or difficult to scratch, cut, or break

damaged by a sharp object that has made a hole in it

to make a train or tram leave its tracks

easy to read and understand

relating to the forces of nature or to basic natural elements

in a way that involves chemistry or chemical reactions

the act of gently rubbing or stroking something

to hold and use a weapon, tool, or other object skillfully

relating to the people, language, or culture of ancient Scandinavia

a piece of clothing with trousers and a bib front, worn over a shirt for work or casual wear

having a shape that is not normal or natural

to dig up something that is buried or hidden

to steal things from a place, especially during war or a riot

to separate threads or fibers, or come apart into threads

to move very slowly and carefully in a particular direction

to move goods secretly across a border or into a country illegally

a synthetic material used in paints, plastics, and fibers

to a very great degree; extremely

something that is hard to understand or explain

a group of three close friends or companions

made hard or tougher by heat, cold, use, or time

to make something sharp or sharper

a tool with a sharp edge, used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal

great skill and knowledge in a subject or activity

a person who looks after a building or property

to remove impurities from a substance

a small hole made by something sharp, especially in a tire

smoothed by rubbing with sandpaper

the equipment and setup used to make products in a factory

a chemical compound made of oxygen and another element

armor made of small metal rings linked together

the substances that something is made of and the amounts of each one

a compound of iron and oxygen

a microscope that uses electrons instead of light to see very tiny objects

able to be heard

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

a person who is skilled at making things by hand

weapons considered as a group

the use of several layers, especially in clothing