Nova S44E12: English vocabulary

to confuse or puzzle someone

the act or process of becoming less clear or transparent

to make a substance or place dirty or unsafe by adding harmful material

farthest inside; most deeply hidden

to stir cream or milk until it becomes butter

the act of moving a boat by pushing a pole against the bottom of the water

a flat shape with six sides and six angles

a thin layer of fine wood or another material used to cover a cheaper surface

to make someone feel annoyed, upset, or disappointed

to flow out quickly in a large amount

to put something firmly inside or into something else

more able or skilled than someone or something else

used to emphasize something, often in a strong or negative way

full of longing or sadness for someone or something

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

the sound of many short, sharp pops or snaps

to make someone suddenly feel shocked or alarmed

calm and peaceful, with no noise or trouble

not clear or sharp; covered with mist or haze

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

a small fault or flaw

a very small living thing, such as a bacterium or virus

a person who travels a long way, especially by sea or in space

in a way that uses electricity or is powered by electricity

making a long, sharp s sound

the skill and care shown in making something well

to spread out and gradually disappear

a sharp sibilant sound, like a snake or steam making a noise

to a very great degree; deeply

a long, soft feather, or a bunch of feathers used for decoration

land or ground, especially as opposed to water or air

having thin lines or marks of a different color

a possible future event or situation that may happen but is not certain

something that is different from what is normal or expected

to send out light, heat, or energy

to separate threads or fibers, or come apart into threads

a small wave or series of small waves on the surface of water

to calculate a number or amount

full of conflict, confusion, or sudden change; not calm

sudden and often unexpected, especially in a way that feels unfriendly or unpleasant

moving with quick, light jumps

a powerful company or organization that seems threatening to smaller ones

to form a clear picture of something in your mind

the act of removing a covering, layer, or clothes

a small, tight group or mass of things

locked with a key

a specially cleaned room used for scientific work or making delicate equipment

relating to planets

a natural tendency to think, feel, or act in a certain way

to help explain something or make it easier to understand

the practice of learning a job by following and watching an experienced worker

relating to the force of gravity

to send data from a device or app to a remote server, usually automatically

to make someone very interested or curious

the act of following someone closely in order to watch them or spy on them

moving or walking with quick, light steps

the act of adding salt to food or water

a rough calculation or guess of the size, amount, or cost of something

in a thick, tightly packed way

to wear away or slowly destroy something over time

smoothed by rubbing with sandpaper

relating to the earth or to life on earth

extremely good, impressive, or surprising

a gas or mist, especially one that comes from a liquid

to change the shape of something so it looks twisted or unclear

to talk in a casual, lively way

attractive, stylish, and confident

the equipment and setup used to make products in a factory

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

to continue to exist or be remembered

a machine that produces electricity from movement

relating to the sky or outer space

the substances that something is made of and the amounts of each one

a way of moving by using jets to create thrust

the solid center of the Earth or another planet

about to happen very soon