Nova S44E16: English vocabulary

a person who studies the Earth's surface, places, and how people use them

to increase very quickly

giving off light because it is very hot

the act of moving a boat by pushing a pole against the bottom of the water

in a way that settles something clearly and finally

up in the air; at a high level above the ground

relating to Java, its people, or their language

more able or skilled than someone or something else

shaped like a cone

full of longing or sadness for someone or something

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

too great or shocking to be described

covering something completely, especially with a layer of snow, smoke, or other material

a pile of hay

relating to the movement and structure of the Earth's crust

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

to clean something by rubbing it hard

either of the two lines of latitude around 23.5° north and south of the equator

a plant disease that causes leaves, flowers, or crops to wither and die

to cut stone out of the ground in a quarry

to stop someone from breathing by covering their nose and mouth

a bitter liquid used in small amounts to flavor cocktails

a long, soft feather, or a bunch of feathers used for decoration

extremely small; too small to see without a microscope

very tall or high, especially in a way that is impressive

to make something more intense, serious, or detailed

of or near the equator

in a way that shows strong sadness, anger, or disappointment

a light, peaceful sleep

a situation in which there is not enough of something

a flat paper cover with a flap, used for sending a letter or document

to move very slowly and carefully in a particular direction

moving with quick, light jumps

melted by heat and in a liquid state

locked with a key

the act of gathering a crop from the fields

the practice of learning a job by following and watching an experienced worker

to make someone very interested or curious

at the same time that something else is happening

to show clearly that something is true or real

to talk in a casual, lively way

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

the life or world believed to exist after death

to continue to exist or be remembered

melted rock beneath the Earth's surface

a method of finding the age of something by measuring carbon-14 in it

the substances that something is made of and the amounts of each one

to make or become darker

a chemical element used in making matches, fertilizers, and other products

to suddenly put someone or something into a difficult situation or state

the process of grinding grain into flour or other small particles

to rebel against authority or start a revolt

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

the use of several layers, especially in clothing

move back to a safer place

to land or settle lightly on something

to keep a student at school after class as a punishment

to force something out or out of a place

to take things out of a bag, box, or other container

relating to Iceland, its people, or its language

a machine that measures the masses of ions in a sample

working properly and ready to use

a large mass of snow, ice, and rock that falls down a mountain

changing quickly and unpredictably, often in a way that can cause problems

the person who did a crime or caused a problem

having colours that are weak and faded

when a difficult or emotional situation has calmed down

very gradually; little by little

during the period people can still remember from fairly recently

the study of rocks, the earth, and how it changes over time

to make someone feel excited and eager

to discover or learn something, especially by asking or checking

a sudden burst or outbreak of something, especially a volcano or strong emotion

to open something quickly or roughly

a group of wild boars

the process of shaping metal or other material with machine tools