Nova S44E18: English vocabulary

to cut or mark a design into a hard surface, often with acid or a sharp tool

to destroy something badly or cause it to fail completely

to flow slowly through small holes or a porous material

to cause a lot of damage or harm

to live in or fill a place with people or animals

to put something firmly inside or into something else

to fall or drop very quickly and suddenly

to attack a place with bombs or shells

to become weaker, quieter, or less severe

too great or shocking to be described

a fast, powerful flow of water

a wide open area of land, sea, or sky

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

to clean something by rubbing it hard

fine mud or sand carried by water and left behind as sediment

moving gently against something with a soft, light sound

relating to ice or glaciers

extremely large

extremely small; too small to see without a microscope

to make a short, high sound, especially like a small bird or insect

very tall or high, especially in a way that is impressive

so full of water or another liquid that it cannot absorb any more

a hard mineral often used in jewelry and clocks

to make someone feel happier, more hopeful, or more confident

a person who works in a coal mine

to dig up something that is buried or hidden

to separate threads or fibers, or come apart into threads

a small wave or series of small waves on the surface of water

to move very slowly and carefully in a particular direction

full of conflict, confusion, or sudden change; not calm

strange in a way that makes you feel nervous or frightened

the shape and arrangement of the physical features of an area of land

the act of moving along without using power

in a way that causes death or serious harm

in a direction that is parallel to the ground or horizon

a person who thinks and acts in an independent, unusual way

moving or walking with quick, light steps

extremely large, strong, or powerful

to wear away or slowly destroy something over time

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

the life or world believed to exist after death

to suddenly put someone or something into a difficult situation or state

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

a person whose job is to study rocks, the earth, and how they change over time

to move from a summary or general view to a more detailed view in software

to be hard to notice even though it is visible

the use of several layers, especially in clothing

to break into small pieces or fall apart

a small waterfall, or a series of small waterfalls

to lead a group, team, or project

to trace over a sketch or outline with a darker, more permanent line

the act of directing energy, money, or attention into something

a light, colorless gas used in balloons and some scientific equipment

to take things out of a bag, box, or other container

radiation from space that reaches the Earth

relating to Iceland, its people, or its language

the act of following or marking the path or position of something

to press something so that it becomes smaller, flatter, or tighter

changing quickly and unpredictably, often in a way that can cause problems

a person who moves to a new place and starts living there

the person who did a crime or caused a problem

to make a long, loud, sad cry

completely wet

the act of combining money, resources, or efforts for a shared purpose

to discover or learn something, especially by asking or checking

the process of making a surface or material smooth

a sudden burst or outbreak of something, especially a volcano or strong emotion

the gradual wearing away of land or rock by wind, water, or other natural forces

a group of wild boars

a deep, narrow valley with steep sides, often with a river running through it

used in questions to express surprise, emphasis, or strong curiosity

to stop fighting, arguing, or refusing to give in

a long period in Earth's past when much of the land was covered by ice

to act too quickly without thinking carefully

a printed pattern of black and white lines that stores product information

work that involves carefully finding out facts or solving a mystery