Nova S45E2: English vocabulary

the process of making something waterproof

a person who studies weather and predicts it

the movement of something swinging back and forth

up in the air; at a high level above the ground

to become too hot, or to make something too hot

either of the two times each year when the sun is farthest north or south, causing the longest or shortest day

more able or skilled than someone or something else

too large or too high, especially in a way that is not true or reasonable

a colorless gas used as a fuel for heating and cooking

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

to become weaker, quieter, or less severe

to officially say or prove that something is true, correct, or acceptable

the activity of riding on an inflatable tube for fun, especially on water

careful attention to possible danger or problems

very dangerous or risky

the act of turning something the opposite way, or the state of being turned that way

winning or succeeding after a struggle

the act of keeping horses in stables

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

a small problem or difficulty that stops something from going smoothly

the amount or degree to which something is curved

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

to become stronger, more serious, or more intense

the use or arrangement of instruments or equipment for a specific purpose, especially in science or engineering

something extra that is not needed

the practice of selling unpaid bills to get money before they are paid

to appear as a large, often threatening shape, especially in the distance

to rise or grow very quickly in amount, size, or cost

to push or drive something forward or in a particular direction

farthest away in space or time

a piece of clothing with trousers and a bib front, worn over a shirt for work or casual wear

designed to move through air with less resistance

a drive or trip in a car, especially for pleasure

to take something apart so it can be moved, repaired, or examined

full of conflict, confusion, or sudden change; not calm

the act of moving along without using power

a comfortable chair with arms and a back

the main body of an aircraft

to move quickly and repeatedly from side to side

to fill something with air or gas so it becomes bigger or firmer

an expression of praise or good wishes for someone's success or good luck

a belief in or interest in spiritual things, rather than only material ones

used to say that something is extremely high or far above normal

to fill something too full by pushing things in

a part inside an engine or pump that moves back and forth in a tube

the act of following someone closely in order to watch them or spy on them

having raised ridges or lines

moving or walking with quick, light steps

relating to bones or a skeleton

to treat someone in a cruel or insulting way

not acceptable in polite society; considered improper or rude

extremely good, impressive, or surprising

violent, uneven movement in air or water that can shake a plane or boat

to talk in a casual, lively way

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

a test that checks how well something can handle very difficult conditions or heavy use

the regular patterns of electrical activity in the brain

a computer-based model that imitates a real process or situation

designed to be filled with air or gas before use

changing suddenly and unpredictably

to attack someone suddenly and aggressively, with words or physically

to honor an event or place by being present

to stop something before it is finished because of a problem

a light aircraft with no engine that flies by gliding

very angry, upset, or excited

the act of moving something on wheels

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

the use of several layers, especially in clothing

used to say that you agree to something, often reluctantly

to make something more difficult or harder to understand

to land or settle lightly on something

to keep a student at school after class as a punishment

deeply involved in a difficult or troublesome situation

the process of burning

relating to the front part of something

the liquid that flows through a plant and carries food and other substances