Nova S45E11: English vocabulary

to make someone feel annoyed, upset, or disappointed

to live in or fill a place with people or animals

more able or skilled than someone or something else

a chemical compound that contains fluorine

to stay hidden and wait for a chance to act

the Fahrenheit temperature scale, where water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

to happen or come before something else in time, order, or position

covering something completely, especially with a layer of snow, smoke, or other material

the work of measuring land and recording its features, often for a map or building plan

making it hard to breathe because the air is hot, thick, or smoky

a place or position that gives you a good view of something

relating to the movement and structure of the Earth's crust

to stop someone from breathing, or to die because there is not enough air

something that makes a surface, line, or shape even or level

the process of removing bones from meat or fish

to cut stone out of the ground in a quarry

a long, soft feather, or a bunch of feathers used for decoration

a photo taken quickly and casually

so full of water or another liquid that it cannot absorb any more

the people who live in a town

sloping downward or at an angle

melted by heat and in a liquid state

locked with a key

important or experienced people, especially those with power or authority

spread out over a wide area; not concentrated

toward or on the outside

a sticky resin used to make varnish or a wood finish

moving or walking with quick, light steps

in a thick, tightly packed way

the act of sealing a hole or gap

to hide or suppress a feeling, emotion, or problem

to talk in a casual, lively way

the equipment and setup used to make products in a factory

a process that makes cloth stiffer and stronger by coating it with a special substance

melted rock beneath the Earth's surface

about to happen very soon

to give someone extra work or a difficult task to deal with

to find out the truth about something by investigating it

the process of forming scars as a wound heals

a game in which a player or side must reach five points before the other side does

in a very strong, forceful, or focused way

a person whose job is to study rocks, the earth, and how they change over time

to do your best and put a lot of energy into something

to depend completely on one thing

moving quickly with light, springy steps

the act of postponing a proposal or motion for later discussion

growing thickly and looking healthy and green

a deep crack or split in something

the use of several layers, especially in clothing

to cut and gather a crop from a field

happening one after another in order

used to say you do not care anymore and are giving up on something

to mean or indicate something

to record that you have started work or a shift

a colorless, odorless gas that burns easily and is found in natural gas

a rounded swelling that sticks out from a surface

to reach a decision or agreement

a situation where one problem causes another, which makes the first problem worse

one part of a bigger situation, explanation, or plan

a very remote place

not obvious; hidden or not shown openly

to stop a harmful pattern from continuing

to discover or learn something, especially by asking or checking

a humorous or informal way of saying death

to interrupt a conversation or discussion by speaking

a sudden burst or outbreak of something, especially a volcano or strong emotion

a metal part that joins two things and lets one swing open or shut

a substance in food or soil that plants and animals need to grow and stay healthy

the process of shaping metal or other material with machine tools

used in questions to express surprise, emphasis, or strong curiosity

the system that supplies water to homes, buildings, or an area

to make time for someone or something in a busy schedule

to supply something through pipes

the present period of history and life today

a large group of insects flying or moving together

never done, seen, or known before